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عمومی::
اقتصاد نئوکلاسیک، اقتصاد نئوکلاسیک
We propose that the roots of the beliefs and assumptions that underpin the existing paradigm are these interrelated strands of influence: Neoclassical economics, evolutionary theory (the selfish gene) and functionalist sociology.
• Neoclassical economics is traditional, mainstream economics based on the idea of economic man and gloomy as well as unrealistic assumptions about human nature, including narrow self-interest, opportunism and rationality.
- History and conceptual development explores the formative stages of this theoretical edifice and its synthesis into what we know as neoclassical economics or the "standard model."
- Essential modes of influence addresses how neoclassical economics becomes operative in organizational life and focuses on two theo- ries held with religious-like zeal: Agency and Transaction Cost.
The economic man of biology is the result of the conception of the selfish gene and conforms comfortably with economic man of neoclassical economics.،The most significant development was the incorporation of 'rational choice,' an approach that is synonymous with neoclassical economics.
Even though the ACF's model of the individual wishes to distance itself from the self-interested, rational individual of neoclassical economics, the ACF cannot escape the logic of neoclassical economics.
The ACF still shares with neoclassical economics the foundational assertion that systems (for example, markets or policy subsystems) are constructed as aggrega- tions of individuals, and that any change to the system's outcomes (for example, price shifts, unemployment, or policy change) derives from changes within the individual.
In this respect, the ACF follows the creed of neoclassical economics - 'to deduce all such secondary concepts - supply, demand, price, investment, and growth, for example - from what it takes to be primary and the fundamental cause of the economy: individual human tastes and productive abilities' (Wolff & Resnick, 2012, pp. 59-60).
Both the ACF and neoclassical economics aggregate individuals into larger units based on shared preferences (that is, households or coalitions), and then characterize these larger units by their differences in tastes, preferences, and belief systems.
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